{"id":883,"date":"2024-02-16T12:15:29","date_gmt":"2024-02-16T14:15:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/whoweare.elementor.cloud\/?p=883"},"modified":"2024-08-18T12:27:30","modified_gmt":"2024-08-18T14:27:30","slug":"platos-cave","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/whoweare.elementor.cloud\/en\/platos-cave\/","title":{"rendered":"Plato’s cave"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Navigating narrative<\/h3>\n\n

The stories I believe can be shown to be correct, we can use them to make accurate predictions.\u00a0 That’s what the scientific method is all about : testable models.\u00a0 Definitely a huge win if we don\u2019t want to be completely wrong.\u00a0<\/p>\n

But I\u2019m not a Cosmologist, nor am I a Theoretical Physicist – and when presented with a model of how gravity works for instance, I\u2019m being told a story.\u00a0 And in such my biological, or my psychological conditioning is exactly the same as that of my ancestors.\u00a0 None of us can ignore our evolutionary history.\u00a0 My brain produces an image of reality instinctively from the concepts presented.\u00a0 If it’s the classical Newtonian model of gravity taught in elementary school, I\u2019ll probably conclude that gravity is a force acting at a distance, that planets are a bit like magnets.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Nowadays of course, thanks to Einstein\u2019s model of spacetime, I\u2019m imagining (as best I can) giant bowling balls moving around some sort of invisible multidimensional trampoline.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

\"gravity\n
gravity well<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n\n

Something we\u2019re all probably familiar with is the problem of Quantum.\u00a0 When Mr. Everyman is presented with concepts like quantum non-locality or Schr\u00f6dinger\u2019s superpositioned cat, opinions will instinctively be formed, conclusions will be made.<\/p>\n\n

Gary vs. Fritjof<\/h3>\n\n

My go to example to illustrate this point is Gary Zukav.\u00a0 Gary wrote a most excellent book in 1979 called \u201cThe Dancing Wu Li Masters<\/a>\u201d in order to popularize the findings of modern physics. \u00a0 Forty years on, and Gary has become Oprah Winfrey\u2019s favorite spiritual guru.\u00a0 Thanks to his understanding of quantum phenomena he now encourages us to engage in telepathic communication with Dolphins.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

I\u2019m going to go out on a limb here, but I\u2019m pretty sure that nothing in Shr\u00f6dinger\u2019s time dependent equation : E=p22m+U(x,t) or anything similar, justifiably entails Dolphins or telepathy.\u00a0 But our brains are capable of making those epistemic leaps, apparently with the utmost ease.\u00a0 Our senses and our brains naturally lead us to make conclusions, from which we can further refine our experience of \u201creality\u201d.<\/p>\n\n

Fritjof Capra, is another author who wrote pretty much the same book, the 1975 bestseller : \u201cThe Tao of Physics<\/a>\u201d.\u00a0 His understanding of quantum phenomena never subsequently led anywhere near aquatic mammals.\u00a0 Mostly he stuck to boring stuff like encouraging a more holistic approach to Urban Planning and research into Ecology and Systems theory.<\/p>\n\n

Zukav and Capra seem to be living in different realities.\u00a0 We are born into a world filled with stories.\u00a0 These stories condition our understanding and inform our actions – we look out at the world through a filter of knowledge. Gary for example was born in Texas and studied politics and sociology at Harvard.\u00a0 His life story gave him a different lens from Frijof, an Austrian who studied theoretical physics.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

We are caught in a cycle of belief that affects what we see.\u00a0 A cycle because what we see confirms, and further conditions our beliefs.<\/p>\n\n

\"Belief\n
confirmation bias<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n\n

Parochial vs. Universal explanations<\/h3>\n\n

Our tribe has become increasingly global, we are no longer hunters or farmers, our culture<\/a> has changed : we call it industrialized, scientific. Logic and reason have caused a revolution in the stories that we tell each other.\u00a0 Once upon a time, in order to explain the world, all we had was our personal, subjective experience.\u00a0 We thought that the sun, the sky and the stars functioned like me and my kin.\u00a0 That the gods were just very powerful versions of us.\u00a0 That they pulled the sun across the sky or threw lightning bolts, for the same reasons we would, because they were angry, jealous or sad.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

Now we aim for Universal explanations : models of reality that remain constant, irrespective of my personal opinion or tribal traditions.\u00a0 Models that remain correct and demonstrably so, whether we are on Earth or whizzing past Alpha Centauri.\u00a0 Which is great if we prefer beliefs that align as much as possible with actual reality.\u00a0\u00a0The stories may have changed, but I still have the same human brain.\u00a0 The cultural environment has evolved, and thus we have had to adapt the characters and forces at play within the narrative, but we continue to react to the stories in the same instinctive manner.\u00a0 Our evolutionary psychology is still at play.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

The Map vs. the Milieu<\/h3>\n\n

Which means that I still apprehend the world based on my story, my \u201creality\u201d.\u00a0 Thus, whatever I see, whatever you say, will be a version of what I know. \u00a0 In a sense, we could say that I am not directly interacting with the world, rather I am interacting with my idea of the world.\u00a0 It’s a bit like using a map, a map which also includes myself – so it’s more of a GPS map where I am being represented by the tiny car.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

This implies that my everyday experience always involves a challenge : the challenge of making the map coincide with actual reality, aka the territory.\u00a0 We may not always be aware of this conflict, but it is just a fact about maps.<\/p>\n\n

\"You\n
You are here<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n\n

This can become especially challenging when we try to communicate with other humans.\u00a0 On one level this can be challenging when their map appears to be wrong, or broken. \u00a0 At which point we are left with two choices : either avoid talking to this crazy person entirely (or just talk about the weather), or enter into debate mode.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

What’s happening of course is that we have all got slightly different maps.\u00a0 And if we don\u2019t belong to the same tribe or culture, the maps can vary wildly, or be completely contradictory.\u00a0 Just imagine a Democrat debating a Republican, a Hindu debating a Muslim.\u00a0 Imagine debating a flat-Earther.\u00a0 It’s painful, it’s emotionally taxing.<\/p>\n\n

Often the problem, when we are addressing someone with an opposing worldview, is that we are overwhelmed by our own psychological resistance.\u00a0 The goal of understanding our interlocutor is completely sidelined.\u00a0 Communication is lost.\u00a0 We find ourselves merely reacting to the emotional disturbances that arise when we feel that our view of reality is being challenged.\u00a0 My emotional attachment to what I know far outweighs any desire to learn, to listen.<\/p>\n\n

Bias & Identity<\/h3>\n\n

Remember the bit about how I am also being represented on the GPS map?\u00a0 I am an integral part of a much bigger story.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

There are many ways that the separate tales, the individual myths bind together to make a whole.\u00a0 Firstly our shared stories unite us as a culture, as a tribe. \u00a0Furthermore, all the stories that I believe combine to create the tapestry that is my worldview. \u00a0 And finally, by participating in the world that I see, I too am connected.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

Not only is my character part of the narrative, I often feel like the central character.\u00a0 By which I mean that the image I have of myself : my memories, my achievements, my goals etc.. is also part of my experience of reality.\u00a0 Our myths transform my tribe and I into actors in the cosmic dance!\u00a0 It gives us leverage.\u00a0 By performing the correct rituals together, singing the right songs at the right time, we can influence the seasons, make it rain, ward off eclipses, bring back the sun from the depths of winter\u2026<\/p>\n\n

Take a sports fan, which is a modern example of what I\u2019m talking about. \u00a0 My identity as a Manchester United supporter will affect what I see out on the soccer pitch.\u00a0 The social dynamics that come with being who I am : a Red Devil, gives rise to some powerful cognitive biases.\u00a0 The other team\u2019s fans, players, and even the referee at times, seem to be blind, evil, dishonest or living in some fantasy world.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

We might be amazed by the antics of frantic sports fans, but our psychological resistance to opposing views often comes up in everyday life. \u00a0 I had a halting conversation the other day that consisted mainly of : \u201cyes it’s true\u201d and \u201cno it\u2019s not\u201d repeated.\u00a0 And this was with someone who was part of my in-group : our local weekly meditation circle.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

For some reason I had mentioned that there were some pretty horrible instructions in the Bible, which my friend immediately denied, saying \u201cThere are no rules in the Bible\u201d.\u00a0 I think she misspoke in the heat of the moment, she probably meant to say : \u201cThe bible is not a book of rules (from an omnipotent God)\u201d.\u00a0 Which I agree with wholeheartedly, it\u2019s an attitude I share.\u00a0 I certainly don\u2019t live my life as if it were.\u00a0 She was talking about her belief about the proper attitude we should take towards the book.\u00a0 I was referring to the words written on the pages of the book.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

Unfortunately, the conversation, which included other friends, moved on, and we were unable to settle the argument.\u00a0 We were left hot and bothered whilst sipping our tea.<\/p>\n

This kind of thing happens all the time.\u00a0 Despite my intellectual understanding of our experiential relationship to narrative, I still get caught up in my automatic emotional responses.\u00a0 My ability to describe some aspect of our evolutionary psychology, does not negate the millions of years of conditioning affecting my genes, my brain and my cultural environment.\u00a0 At best, it allows the possibility of recognising its effects, whenever they occur.\u00a0 It allows for a broader perspective.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

Shadows on the wall<\/h3>\n\n

If we consider Plato\u2019s allegory of the cave, ie. The people reacting to the shadows of their own projections on the wall :\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

Allowing them a more complete picture of their predicament, changes their predicament.\u00a0 What they initially experienced as reality, is seen for what it is : a fragment masquerading as the whole.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

\"Plato's\n
Plato’s cave<\/figcaption>\n<\/figure>\n\n

Maybe this is a good time to quote Zizek<\/a> : \u201cThe duty of philosophy is not to solve problems, but to redefine problems, to show how what we experience as a problem is a false problem<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n\n

In other words, although we instinctively act as if our view of the world is fundamental, we are obviously ignoring the bigger picture .\u00a0 Our experience of reality is our ultimate authority, it’s the basis from which we react. \u00a0 Becoming smarter, for us humans, usually involves adopting better beliefs, more accurate models, which is laudable.\u00a0 But if we realize that we are conditioned psychologically, culturally to accept stories as truth, what happens then?\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

Can seeing the bigger picture, ie. that we are being mechanically driven by our experience of the world – just like any other animal, provide us with some wisdom, some respite?\u00a0 We are, allegedly, a very special animal : self-aware, able to apprehend complex concepts.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

It’s tricky of course, very meta, because you are essentially being presented with another story.\u00a0 A weird self referential story.<\/p>\n\n

The basic question implied by all this is simply : Is it possible to be free from our psychological imperatives when looking and\u00a0 listening?\u00a0 Can our relationship to conditioned beliefs be transformed?\u00a0 Or must we remain slaves to thought, always reacting emotionally, tied to our subjective, tribal narratives?<\/p>\n\n

Is it possible to resolve cognitive dissonance, the emotional pain and confusion we feel when our identity and values are being threatened?\u00a0 Or is the feeling that our worldview is an exact reflection of actual reality too powerful?\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

We feel certain that our subjective experience has some sort of existence in our absence, that our model of reality exists somehow outside our brain.\u00a0 This is the principle of authority that drives us : what I know is <\/strong>reality, the stories I believe are <\/strong>true.\u00a0 By seeing this authoritarian principle at work within us, is its grip at all loosened?<\/p>\n\n

There is nothing to indicate that this universe was designed specifically in order to be perceived accurately by its inhabitants.\u00a0 Nor is it obvious that any of our senses and brains were designed to detect fundamental truths. \u00a0Maybe the idea that we could experience objective truth is not even a cogent concept. \u00a0 The quality of our understanding may only be measured by how well we can formulate it.\u00a0 Which in turn depends on our prior experience, stored in the brain as narrative.\u00a0 Is freedom from this narrative framework possible?<\/p>\n\n

Whether or not some insight into the processes that drive us is possible, maybe it is possible to agree on the following : Relax.\u00a0 Our beliefs need not be weaponized.\u00a0 We should be kind to fools, like us, they have no choice in the matter.<\/p>\n\n

No need to come to conclusions now.\u00a0 Next stop on this inquiry into who we are : Donald Hoffman<\/a>, a cognitive psychologist with a great take on reality and perception.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t<\/i>Prev<\/span><\/span>Previous<\/span>Once upon a time<\/span><\/span><\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\tNext<\/span>Reality is an experience<\/span><\/span><\/i>Next<\/span><\/span><\/a>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The stories I believe can be shown to be correct, we can use them to make accurate predictions.\u00a0 That’s what the scientific method is all about : testable models.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1687,"featured_media":887,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[63,60,64,66,61,58,59,65,28,62,67,45],"class_list":["post-883","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-invention","tag-dialogue","tag-identity","tag-insight-dialogue","tag-mental-maps","tag-parochialism","tag-plato","tag-platos-cave","tag-psychological-resistance","tag-psychology","tag-scientific-model","tag-self","tag-stories"],"yoast_head":"\nPlato's cave - whoweare<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"From Manchester United to Meditation Circles: the effects of narrative on Cultural Identity. 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